Chemokine-mediated B cell trafficking during early rabbit GALT development Journal Article

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Authors: Zhai, S. K.; Volgina, V. V.; Sethupathi, P.; Knight, K. L.; Lanning, D. K.
Article Title: Chemokine-mediated B cell trafficking during early rabbit GALT development
Abstract: Microbial and host cell interactions stimulate rabbit B cells to diversify the primary Ab repertoire in GALT. B cells at the base of appendix follicles begin proliferating and diversifying their V-(D)-J genes around 1 wk of age, approximately 5 d after B cells first begin entering appendix follicles. To gain insight into the microbial and host cell interactions that stimulate B cells to diversify the primary Ab repertoire, we analyzed B cell trafficking within follicles during the first week of life. We visualized B cells, as well as chemokines that mediate B cell homing in lymphoid tissues, by in situ hybridization, and we examined B cell chemokine receptor expression by flow cytometry. We found that B cells were activated and began downregulating their BCRs well before a detectable B cell proliferative region appeared at the follicle base. The proliferative region was similar to germinal center dark zones, in that it exhibited elevated CXCL12 mRNA expression, and B cells that upregulated CXCR4 mRNA in response to signals acquired from selected intestinal commensals localized in this region. Our results suggest that after entering appendix follicles, B cells home sequentially to the follicle-associated epithelium, the follicular dendritic cell network, the B cell/T cell boundary, and, ultimately, the base of the follicle, where they enter a proliferative program and diversify the primary Ab repertoire.
Journal Title: Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md.: 1950)
Volume: 193
Issue: 12
ISSN: 1550-6606; 0022-1767
Publisher: by The American Association of Immunologists, Inc  
Journal Place: United States
Date Published: 2014
Start Page: 5951
End Page: 5959
Language: eng
DOI/URL:

10.4049/jimmunol.1302575
Notes: LR: 20150401; CI: Copyright (c) 2014; GR: R01 AI050260/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States; GR: R01 AI50260/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States; JID: 2985117R; 0 (Chemokine CCL19); 0 (Chemokine CCL20); 0 (Chemokine CCL21); 0 (Chemokine CXCL12); 0 (Chemokine CXCL13); 0 (Chemokines); 0 (RNA, Messenger); 0 (Receptors, CXCR4); 0 (Receptors, Chemokine); EC 3.5.4.- (AICDA (activation-induced cytidine deaminase)); EC 3.5.4.5 (Cytidine Deaminase); NIHMS634880; OID: NLM: NIHMS634880 [Available on 12/15/15]; OID: NLM: PMC4258424 [Available on 12/15/15]; PMCR: 2015/12/15 00:00; 2014/11/10 [aheadofprint]; ppublish