Antibody Response to SARS-CoV-2 Infection and Vaccination in COVID-19-naïve and Experienced Individuals. Journal Article

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Authors: Uprichard, SL; O'Brien, A; Evdokimova, M; Rowe, CL; Joyce, C; Hackbart, M; Cruz-Pulido, YE; Cohen, CA; Rock, ML; Dye, JM; Kuehnert, P; Ricks, KM; Casper, M; Linhart, L; Anderson, K; Kirk, L; Maggiore, JA; Herbert, AS; Clark, NM; Reid, GE; Baker, SC
Article Title: Antibody Response to SARS-CoV-2 Infection and Vaccination in COVID-19-naïve and Experienced Individuals.
Abstract: Understanding the magnitude of responses to vaccination during the ongoing SARS-CoV-2 pandemic is essential for ultimate mitigation of the disease. Here, we describe a cohort of 102 subjects (70 COVID-19-naïve, 32 COVID-19-experienced) who received two doses of one of the mRNA vaccines (BNT162b2 (Pfizer-BioNTech) and mRNA-1273 (Moderna)). We document that a single exposure to antigen via infection or vaccination induces a variable antibody response which is affected by age, gender, race, and co-morbidities. In response to a second antigen dose, both COVID-19-naïve and experienced subjects exhibited elevated levels of anti-spike and SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing activity; however, COVID-19-experienced individuals achieved higher antibody levels and neutralization activity as a group. The COVID-19-experienced subjects exhibited no significant increase in antibody or neutralization titer in response to the second vaccine dose (i.e., third antigen exposure). Finally, we found that COVID-19-naïve individuals who received the Moderna vaccine exhibited a more robust boost response to the second vaccine dose ( = 0.004) as compared to the response to Pfizer-BioNTech. Ongoing studies with this cohort will continue to contribute to our understanding of the range and durability of responses to SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccines.
Journal Title: Viruses
ISSN: 1999-4915
Publisher: Unknown  
Date Published: 2022