Clostridium difficile Infection (CDI) Severity and Outcome among Patients Infected with the NAP1/BI/027 Strain in a Non-Epidemic Setting Journal Article


Authors: Scardina, T; Labuszewski, L.; Pacheco, S. M.; Adams, W; Schreckenberger, P.; Johnson, S
Article Title: Clostridium difficile Infection (CDI) Severity and Outcome among Patients Infected with the NAP1/BI/027 Strain in a Non-Epidemic Setting
Abstract: OBJECTIVE Determine whether the NAP1 strain identified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based stool assay is correlated with CDI severity and clinical outcomes. METHODS Medical records of adult patients with positive stool Xpert(R) Clostridium difficile PCR assay for an initial episode of CDI between January 2012 and January 2013 at a tertiary care hospital in Chicago were reviewed. Two patients diagnosed with CDI caused by a non-NAP1 strain (positive Xpert(R) C. difficile assay but negative Xpert(R) C. difficile Epi assay) were included for each patient diagnosed with CDI caused by a NAP1 strain (positive Epi assay). Patient charts were reviewed for markers of severity, risk factors, treatment regimens, and outcomes. RESULTS Of 494 stool specimens, 90 (18%) that were positive for C. difficile by PCR were positive for NAP1 strain. In total, 37 patients with CDI due to NAP1 were matched with 74 patients with CDI due to non-NAP1 strains. Multivariable model revealed individuals >/=65 years old were 3 times more likely to have NAP1 strain than individuals 65 (P=.02). Residents of a nursing home prior to hospitalization were 10 times more likely to have NAP1 strain than patients residing in their homes (P=.001). More NAP1 cases had a change in treatment from metronidazole to oral vancomycin plus intravenous metronidazole (P=.01). The severity of CDI, incidence of mortality and recurrent CDI were similar between groups. CONCLUSIONS In a nonepidemic setting, NAP1 strains were more common in older patients and individuals admitted from nursing homes. Identification of NAP1 by PCR of stool specimens was associated in a change of therapy but did not predict worse outcomes. Reporting strain results may not be clinically useful in routine settings. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2014;00(0): 1-7.
Journal Title: Infection control and hospital epidemiology
Volume: 36
Issue: 3
ISSN: 1559-6834; 0899-823X
Publisher: Unknown  
Journal Place: United States
Date Published: 2015
Start Page: 280
End Page: 286
Language: eng
DOI/URL:
Notes: JID: 8804099; ppublish