Regulatory T-cells in alopecia areata. Journal Article

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Authors: Speiser, JJ; Mondo, D; Mehta, V; Marcial, SA; Kini, A; Hutchens, KA
Article Title: Regulatory T-cells in alopecia areata.
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Alopecia areata (AA) is believed to have an autoimmune mechanism in which the hair follicles are targeted by CD4+ and CD8+ lymphocytes. Studies investigating the autoimmune mechanism of other cutaneous diseases, including vitiligo, showed that T is a component of cutaneous immune privilege. Our study uses immunohistochemical staining in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue to examine the percentage of CD4 FoxP3 , CD25 FoxP3 , and CD8 FoxP3 T in AA in human specimens. METHODS: Immunohistochemical double staining for CD4 FoxP3 , CD25 FoxP3 , and CD8 FoxP3 was performed on 12 AA cases and 12 other autoimmune and non-autoimmune cutaneous diseases. The frequency of CD4 FoxP3 , CD25 FoxP3 , and CD8 ?FoxP3 T was counted and expressed as a percentage of total CD4 , CD25 , and CD8 lymphocytes, respectively, in order to account for intersample inflammatory response variability. RESULTS: There was a significant reduction in the mean frequency of CD4 ?FoxP3 and CD25 ?FoxP3 in AA when compared to other autoimmune and non-autoimmune cutaneous diseases. CONCLUSION: T is significantly lower in AA when compared to other cutaneous diseases. Additionally, this immunohistochemical-staining protocol may be useful to evaluate T in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded specimens for other cutaneous diseases. Studies examining T in AA and other cutaneous diseases may have implications for future interventions.
Journal Title: Journal of cutaneous pathology
ISSN: 1600-0560; 0303-6987
Publisher: Unknown  
Date Published: 2019