Neutrophil Accumulation in the Small Intestine Contributes to Local Tissue Destruction Following Combined Radiation and Burn Injury Journal Article

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Authors: Carter, S. R.; Chen, M. M.; Palmer, J. L.; Wang, L; Ramirez, L; Plackett, T. P.; Gamelli, R. L.; Kovacs, E. J.
Article Title: Neutrophil Accumulation in the Small Intestine Contributes to Local Tissue Destruction Following Combined Radiation and Burn Injury
Abstract: The threat of nuclear disaster makes combined radiation and burn injury (CRI) a relevant topic when discussing modern trauma, as burn injuries are likely to occur with detonation of a conventional nuclear weapon. Previous studies in a murine model have shown that there is a breakdown of the gut epithelium and subsequent bacterial translocation into mesenteric lymph nodes after CRI. This study examines the early innate immune response of the small intestine after CRI. Using a previously established murine model of 5 to 5.5 Gy total body irradiation combined with 15% TBSA burn, the injury response of the small intestine was examined at 24, 48, and 72 hours by visual assessment, myeloperoxidase, and cytokine measurement. At 24 hours, intestinal damage as measured by villus blunting, crypt debris, and decreased mitosis, was apparent in all injury groups but the derangements persisted out to 72 hours only with CRI. The prolonged intestinal damage in CRI was accompanied by a 2-fold (P .05) elevation in myeloperoxidase activity over sham animals at 48 hours and persisted as a 3-fold (P .05) elevation at 72 hours after injury. Corresponding levels of KC were 8-fold (P .05) higher than sham at 48hours with persistent elevation at 72 hours. An enhanced innate immune response, partially mediated by the influx of neutrophils into the gastrointestinal tract is contributing to the hyperinflammatory state seen after CRI. Attenuation of the local gastrointestinal inflammatory response may play a major role in managing victims after nuclear disaster.
Journal Title: Journal of burn care research : official publication of the American Burn Association
Volume: 37
Issue: 2
ISSN: 1559-0488; 1559-047X
Publisher: Unknown  
Journal Place: United States
Date Published: 2016
Start Page: 97
End Page: 105
Language: eng
DOI/URL:

10.1097/BCR.0000000000000220
Notes: LR: 20160211; GR: F30 AA022856/AA/NIAAA NIH HHS/United States; GR: R33 AI080528/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States; GR: T32 GM008750/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/United States; JID: 101262774; NIHMS636569; OID: NLM: NIHMS636569 [Available on 03/01/17]; OID: NLM: PMC4465066 [Available on 03/01/17]; PMCR: 2017/03/01 00:00; ppublish